PTP1B and IRS-2 mRNA levels were additionally detected with real-time PCR. Consistent with Western blot data, PTP1B mRNA in liver tissues from untreated diabetic rats was significantly increased by 2.09-fold (P < 0.01),whereas IRS-2 mRNA was reduced by 55.17% (P < 0.01), relative to normal control rats (Fig. 4C).