There is a wide diversity of aid approaches: recipients may be governments, bodies, and groups of people or individuals. Aid may be in the form of grants, loans, equipment, training, secondment of skilled staff and so on. Donors can be international agencies, NGOs, individuals, groupings of governments, or national governments. Sometimes donors contribute aid directly to recipients, or it can be via an intermediary such as an NGO or a UN body. When aid is government to government it is termed bilateral aid; when several governments or an international organisation have contributed it is multilateral aid. Frequently aid is tied – that is, conditional: a recipient may have to behave in a particular way or a percentage of the provision must be used to buy goods and services from the donor nation. The latter arrangement includes ‘aid for trade provision’, and it is not unknown for obsolete, overpriced or unsuitable goods or services to be traded (Hayter, 1989: 21, 92). Aid may be in the form of funding, foodstuffs or other supplies, sometimes training or secondment of skilled manpower rather than donation of goods or funds. Green aid has conditionality – it depends on the exercise of environmental care or seeks environmental improvement. A risk may be that it is perceived as neo-protectionism or neo-colonialism, or an extra cost, or a sign that there is a risk that support could be diverted. Aid can help the environment without actually being focused on green goals if it seeks to ensure that it reduces impacts on the environment (Dinham, 1991; Hildyard, 1991).