Geography Mexico City is located in the Valley of Mexico, sometimes called the Basin of Mexico.This valley is located in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt in the high plateaus of south-central Mexico.It has a minimum altitude of 2,200 meters above sea level and is surrounded by mountains and volcanoes that reach elevations of over 5,000 meters.This valley has no natural drainage outlet for the waters that flow from the mountain sides, making the city vulnerable to flooding.