However, the current accepted idea among accountants, regulators and standard setters is that,
more often than not, earnings management is detrimental. It deceives investors and reduces
the dependability of financial reporting. Thus a clearer understanding of earnings
management is vital before any persistent discussion of the subject. Mulford and Comiskey
(2002) defined earnings management as “the active manipulation of earnings toward a
predetermined target” (p.51). Healy and Whalen (1998) offer a much more detailed definition,
stating that: “Earnings management occurs when managers use judgment in financial
reporting and in structuring transactions to alter financial reports to either mislead some
stakeholders about the underlying economic performance of the company or to influence
contractual outcomes that depend on reported accounting numbers”. Finally, the Assurance
Handbook defines earnings management to include “the recording of accounting entries,
without any event to justify the accounting or the failure to record or correctly record
transactions for the purpose of altering results” (Assurance Handbook, 2003). The common
subject about the above definitions is one of altering results.
However, the current accepted idea among accountants, regulators and standard setters is that,
more often than not, earnings management is detrimental. It deceives investors and reduces
the dependability of financial reporting. Thus a clearer understanding of earnings
management is vital before any persistent discussion of the subject. Mulford and Comiskey
(2002) defined earnings management as “the active manipulation of earnings toward a
predetermined target” (p.51). Healy and Whalen (1998) offer a much more detailed definition,
stating that: “Earnings management occurs when managers use judgment in financial
reporting and in structuring transactions to alter financial reports to either mislead some
stakeholders about the underlying economic performance of the company or to influence
contractual outcomes that depend on reported accounting numbers”. Finally, the Assurance
Handbook defines earnings management to include “the recording of accounting entries,
without any event to justify the accounting or the failure to record or correctly record
transactions for the purpose of altering results” (Assurance Handbook, 2003). The common
subject about the above definitions is one of altering results.
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