In order to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, different
sources of biomass, such as forests and agriculture residues, have
been widely studied as an alternative energy to replace fossil-fuels.
These biomass sources which have different moisture contents,
usually less than 50%, can be either pyrolyzed in absence of oxygen
to produce liquid and gaseous fuels or gasified with air, oxygen,
and/or steam to produce syngas [1e3]. Syngas (mainly H2 and CO)
and tar (liquid product) can be used as fuel, fertilizers or other
chemical products [1]. Synthetic or substitute natural gas and
hydrogen can also be obtained from syngas. The emerging biomass
gasification energy technologies are expected to play an important
role in the future development of energy systems.