230V LED Circuit Design:
Here the main intention is to drive a series combination of LEDs by passing a current of about 20mA through them. The first component to design the circuit is a voltage regulator. This can be provided using a Zener diode, but since Zener diode can get heated up easily, we prefer using a voltage regulator IC which could provide accurate results. Here we use LM78L12 voltage regulator IC delivering output voltage of about 12V at maximum 100mA current.