Abdominal obesity and weight gain are documented as independent cardiovascular risk factors, due in part to their association with insulin resistance and sympathetic nervous activation.
Weight-loss studies with lifestyle modifications
involving a low-calorie diet and exercise31–33 as well as bariatric
surgery34,35 provide some evidence that intentional weight loss has
long-term benefits on all cause mortality in overweight/obese adults.
Therefore, weight loss is recommended as the first-line treatment for
obesity