One of the important ways Diagnostic and Dialogic OD differ is that most of the newer OD practices emphasize a view of human systems as dialogic systems (Boje & Khadija, 2005) or meaning-making systems (Bushe, 2009) rather than biological or open systems. In classical OD, the biological metaphor inherent in the open systems model encourages people to think of organizations as a collection of structures and processes adapting to or, in more complex formulations, coevolving with their environment. From this point of view it makes sense to try and figure out the optimal mix of processes and structures in a given kind of environment. It’s then appropriate to try and copy successful innovations from one firm into another firm with similar conditions or sharing the same ecological niche. It also makes sense to use diagnostic models that assume there are optimal kinds of organization–environment fit. Proponents of dialogical forms of OD don’t necessarily dispute that organizations can be described as open systems, they are just more mindful of the limitations. Because collective sensemaking about structures, processes, leadership actions, change models, interventions, and the like are idiosyncratic to whatever group or organization they are applied in, attempts to simply copy an innovation or change process from one system to another system, without thoughtful leadership adapting to local conditions, will usually result in unwanted outcomes. Ideal models of group or organizational functioning meet the same fate because organizational members will attribute their own meanings to whatever leaders or consultants roll out, thus making diagnosis and intervention against an ideal model more a matter of constructing a world than discovering one.