Turning Adjectives into Nouns
You may also want to change an adjective into a noun. To do this, you often attach -ness or -ence to the end of the adjective. Take a look.
“Happy” is an adjective. You can be happy. You can talk about a happy baby. Both those words describe a person, but what about the idea of “happy”. What if you don’t want to talk about a person, but “happy” itself. You need to change the “y” to an “i” and attach -ness. The word becomes “happiness”. That is a noun. Now you can say, “I want to have more happiness in my life” or “Love and happiness are the two things that everyone wishes for.”
In the same way, someone who is free is independent. If you want to talk about freedom itself, then you use the word independence.
Turning any Word into an Adverb
Sometimes you want to take a noun, adjective, or verb and make an adverb out of it to use it to describe another verb. “Quick” is an adjective. You use it to say that someone or something is fast: “I have a quick cat.”
If you want to use it to tell someone to do something faster, you would say, “Run quickly!” By attaching -ly to the end of the word, you make it an adverb, which can modify a verb.
Sometimes you will need to make this ending into -ally for words that end in “n” or -ily for words that end in “y” (ex: “happy” becomes “happily”).
An “emotion” is a noun that means a feeling like happiness, sadness, or anger. “Physical” is an adjective that refers to things you can touch. The physical world is the world around you that you can touch. If someone hurts you, they can hurt your body or your feelings. This means that they can hurt you