asteurization & sterilization
Pasteurization
• Heat at < 100 C with different
duration
• Purposes
• Inactivate enzyme
• Kill pathogens & reduce spoilage M/O
• Types
• High temperature short time (HTST)
• Low temperature long time (LTLT)
• Short times: better flavor & nutritional value
Sterilization
• Heat at ≥ 100 C (115 C for 25 to 100 min)
• Intended to kill all types of M/O
• Commercialization: kills only pathogens & spoilage M/O
• Spoilage
• Before the process
• Under‐processing
• Post‐contamination (leakage)