situational factors include peer influence,social norms,family, influences,and supports again,in real life these factors overlap with other situational,environmental,and individual influences.family systems theory is a conceptual model to help promote understanding of emotional family functioning.Bowen's use of interrelated and interdependent concepts characterizes what happens in families a member abuses substances. children from these families tend to become enmeshed in the family system. their boundaries become enmeshed within the family and they live solely for each other. family members use family secrets and myths as survival measures. These family members tend to cut off communication with those outside the family structure.The multigenerational transmission process traces the recurrence of the disease in the family in subsequent generations.The family conspires to maintain a system that supports addiction.The term codependent describes a person who helps another maintain his or her addiction by caring for them,handling their problems,and running interference.on the surface these efforts appear helpful, but they do not permit the affected individual the opportunity to experience the consequences of their behavior, an important agent for change. The term codependent is confusing and suggests the notion of blame for someone else's problems, creating a double victim situation. the terms co-alcobolic and co-addict have also been used. Because addiction carries stigma, the current thinking is to refrain from labeling individuals based on these behaviors.