Literature Review
A survey of learners’ needs becomes the basis of developing an English for Specific
Purposes (ESP) course. Nunan (1990) points out that the first step to improve the ESP course is to
conduct needs analysis and to study the students’ requirements of language skills. According to
Brindley (1989), needs analysis is now widely accepted as a fundamental principle of program
design which is necessary for the specification of language learning objectives.