In this research, we tested 19 cellulase
producing fungi for ethanol production using
glucose as a substrate in oxygen limited
conditions. The results showed the 8 isolated
were able to produce ethanol in 7 days.
Isolated F08, F09 and M03 could produce
high theoretical ethanol yield of 62.25, 87.10
and 75.41, respectively (as shown in Table
1). The F08 and F09 were isolated from
fermented food such as tempeh and
fermented soybean, respectively. In this case
the fungi had grown under facultatively
anaerobic condition and they might have
gotten energy from glucose to ethanol where
pyruvate serves as the final electron acceptor.
Morphology was the basic method for
fungal identification. However, biomolecular
techniques are convenient and quick to
classify fungi and more specifically provide
better identification. In this study, F08, F09
and M03; which possessed cellulase and
ethanol ability; were microscopically, colony
morphology studied and the DNA sequence
identified. The microscopic result of F08
showed septate mycelium, a root-like hyphae
called rhizoid and a structure containing
asexual spores such as sporangium that is
important evidence of genus identification of
genus Rhizopus. Besides, the colonies on
PDA plate was grown as cotton like mycelium
with grayish black sporangia on the top as
shown in figure 2. Next, the partial 18S 5.8S
and 28S rDNA and internal transcribed
spacer (ITS) regions in ITS1 ITS2 were
sequenced and the results showed that the
sequence of F08 shared 100 % identity with
R. microsporus (Table 2-3). In the case of
F09, the microscopic test showed an asexual
reproduction structure called conidiophore
and the colony observed in PDA showed a
colony with green colour of conidiospore on
the top as shown in Figure 3. The DNA
sequence was shown to have 94 % similarity
with A. oryzae (Table 4-5). Last, M03 showed