However, Bardhan and Mookherjee (2002) suggest that decentralization can result in local elite capture and thus result in more corruption. Moreover, Treisman (2007) argues that the relationship between decentralization and lower corruption found in the works of Huther and Shah (1998); Fisman and Gatti (2002); and Arinkan (2004) may be spurious because these works “… [do not] simultaneously control for two factors that are both correlated with fiscal