The subcutaneous administration of BV has also been
shown to induce the activation of catecholaminergic neurons
in the arcuate nucleus in the hypothalamus of rats (Kwon
et al., 2004) and in dopaminergic nuclei, including thenucleus accumbens, substantia nigra, and locus coeruleus.
When combined with acupuncture, it was able to reduce
methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity (Kim et al., 2011b).
In addition, it has been shown that BV exhibited no signs
of toxicity when administered within a therapeutic range
subcutaneously (s.c.) (Kim et al., 2004).