The results clearly indicated that households continue to use
alternative dirty fuels as a secondary source of energy. In addition,
the survey sampled households which were of sub-standard condition,
in areas of the city which are heavily populated and occupied
by low income groups, representing the living conditions of an
average urban dweller in Addis Ababa. In these neighbourhoods
energy use is mixed, therefore pollutants easily migrate from
household to household, resulting in elevated pollutant concentrations
in homes using cleaner fuels.