Set time is determined by the level of free water in dough that can act as solvent
and the strength of the dough In our research, the only variable is the lipid that is used. Therefore, the degree of spread is largely determined by the spread rate
The fluid character of non UStreated IES contributed to a higher spread rate and therefore significantly
larger spread. In turn, with a larger spread, lower cookie heights resulted.
The tallest cookies were the ones formulated with US-treated
IES tempered at 5 °C, followed by the ones formulated with the non
US-treated IES tempered at 5 °C and US-treated IES tempered at 25 °C
and the flattest cookie was obtained when non US-treated IES tempered
at 25 °C was used.