The procedure for separation of liquefaction products is shown in Fig. 1. Once the autoclave was cooled to room temperature, the gas inside was vented in a fume hood, and the solid/liquid products were rinsed from the autoclave by washing with acetone.The resulted suspension was filtered through a pre-weighed filter paper under vacuum to separate the solid and liquid products.The remaining solids from the filter paper were named as solid residue (SR, ethanol and acetone insoluble fraction). This fraction was dried in an oven at 378 K overnight and then quantified. By using a rotary vacuum evaporator (Senco R204B, China), the filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure at 323 K to remove the solvents (ethanol and acetone), followed by being evaporated under reduced pressure at 363 K to remove the water formed during liquefaction process. The resulted liquid phase product was designated as bio-oil.