classifications based on the network structure or organization, the route discovery process,
and the protocol operation (Al-Karaki and Kamal 2004). With respect to network organization,
most routing protocols fit into one of three classes. Flat-based routing protocols
consider all nodes of equal functionality or role. In contrast,in hierarchical-based routing
protocols, different nodes may assume different roles in the routing process, that is, some
nodes may forward data on behalf of others, while other nodes only generate and propagate
their own sensor data. Location-based routing protocols rely on the location information
from nodes to make routing decisions. Routing protocols are responsible for identifying or
discovering routes from a source or sender to the intended receiver