where the i is an index identifying the piezoresistor element in the FE model, σli and σti are the
longitudinal and transverse stresses of the ith piezoresistor element, respectively, and νi is the volume
of the ith piezoresistor element. Equations (1) and (2) can be used to calculate the output voltage of the
piezoresistive pressure sensor directly from the mechanical stresses induced within each piezoresistor
as the membrane deflects.