Device Corp., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) at the following settings: λex =
490 nm, λem = 610 nm, cutoff = 590 nm. Cetyl trimethylammonium
bromide (CTAB, 1 mmol L−1) and vanillic acid (5 mg mL−1)
were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The
experiments were performed three times with each species.