Conflict has long-lasting impacts on societies, the aftermath of which entails decades of rebuilding — economic, social, physical and, most importantly, psychological. The killing of children is seen as a symbol of the terrible depths to which conflict, whatever its source, can drag humanity. The consequences of conflict on children — whether as observer, participant or target — beyond loss of life, are increasingly well-understood to include not just the loss of livelihood and home, but the far more entrenched psychological effects of trauma.