At the Four Seasons, the operational departments (rooms, food & beverage, spa, and retail) are managed day to day by the hotel manager. The General Manager is also the regional VP overseeing properties in Toronto, as well as Chicago, Austin, and Houston and is also involved in sales and marketing (M. Sardella, July 23, 2013). The span of control in the organizations is wide in general, for example the departments and individual employees in the hotel are becoming increasingly empowered to attend to administrative and human resource tasks through technology. Technology is giving the necessary tools to the leaders across the hotel to bypass traditional administrative departments and management. Additionally, financing is also outsourced to third party organizations