2.8. Biological pretreatment methods for enhancing cellulase
performance
Experiments were planned and divided into four different processing
procedures as follows: (1) single pretreatment of rice straw
by Bacillus sp. CS-1; (2) single pretreatment by two lactic acid bacteria
(Lactobacillus bulgaricus (NBRC13953) and Streptococcus thermophiles
(NBRC13957)); (3) two-step processing procedure
(sequential pretreatment using lactic acid bacteria followed by
Bacillus sp. CS-1; (4) two-step processing procedure (sequential
pretreatment using Bacillus sp. CS-1 followed by lactic acid bacteria).
After each pretreatment processing procedure, the content of
holocellulose (hemicellulose and cellulose), cellulose, and lignin
in rice straw were determined (Zhu et al., 2009; Taniguchi et al.,
1982).