This study aimed to represent the first report of the ovicidal and larvicidal activity of the
methanolic leaf extract of Manihot esculenta (cassava) against eggs and larvae of susceptible
and resistant strains of Trichostrongylus colubriformis. As well as, to determine the total tannin
compounds, antioxidant activity and toxicity of the extract. The egg hatch test was used
to evaluate ovicidal activity against unembryonated eggs, whereas larval feeding inhibition
assay and MTT-formazan assay were used to evaluate larvicidal activity against first (L1)
and infective (L3) larvae, respectively. The results showed no significant differences were
detected between the sensitivities of susceptible and resistant strains of T. colubriformis
to the extract. Eggs, L1 and L3 were significantly affected (P < 0.001) compared with negative
control, and L1 were more sensitive than the eggs and L3. The total tannin compounds
were investigated using tannin quantification assay and determined by 254.44 TAE/mg. The
antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay and the median
inhibition concentration (IC50) was determined by 2.638 mg/ml. Acute oral toxicity at dose
of 5000 mg/kg, and sub-chronic oral toxicity at 500 and 1000 mg/kg of the extract were
observed in male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The acute oral toxicity revealed
that the median lethal dose (LD50) of methanolic extract of cassava leaves on SD rats was
greater than 5000 mg/kg, whereas the sub-chronic oral toxicity did not show observed
adverse effects at 500 and 1000 mg/kg per day for 28 days. In conclusion, the methanolic
extract of cassava leaves has direct ovicidal and larvicidal activity against T. colubriformis
strains with a safety margin for animals, and it may be potentially utilized as a source of
natural antioxidants.
This study aimed to represent the first report of the ovicidal and larvicidal activity of the
methanolic leaf extract of Manihot esculenta (cassava) against eggs and larvae of susceptible
and resistant strains of Trichostrongylus colubriformis. As well as, to determine the total tannin
compounds, antioxidant activity and toxicity of the extract. The egg hatch test was used
to evaluate ovicidal activity against unembryonated eggs, whereas larval feeding inhibition
assay and MTT-formazan assay were used to evaluate larvicidal activity against first (L1)
and infective (L3) larvae, respectively. The results showed no significant differences were
detected between the sensitivities of susceptible and resistant strains of T. colubriformis
to the extract. Eggs, L1 and L3 were significantly affected (P < 0.001) compared with negative
control, and L1 were more sensitive than the eggs and L3. The total tannin compounds
were investigated using tannin quantification assay and determined by 254.44 TAE/mg. The
antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay and the median
inhibition concentration (IC50) was determined by 2.638 mg/ml. Acute oral toxicity at dose
of 5000 mg/kg, and sub-chronic oral toxicity at 500 and 1000 mg/kg of the extract were
observed in male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The acute oral toxicity revealed
that the median lethal dose (LD50) of methanolic extract of cassava leaves on SD rats was
greater than 5000 mg/kg, whereas the sub-chronic oral toxicity did not show observed
adverse effects at 500 and 1000 mg/kg per day for 28 days. In conclusion, the methanolic
extract of cassava leaves has direct ovicidal and larvicidal activity against T. colubriformis
strains with a safety margin for animals, and it may be potentially utilized as a source of
natural antioxidants.
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