fifth, it seems that in some companies the motive for the BSC has been abandonment of traditional budgeting. Some companies have found budgeting laborious and regard it as an inaccurate estimate of the future, even when it is completed. However, abandoning budgeting in the traditional sense requires some mechanism for agreeing on targets for coming periods. This is where BSCs may help. Two companies referred to changes in budgeting practices as one of the motives for the BSC. One CFO of a medium-sized service organization explained their adoption of the BSC as follows: 'There was a seminar in Stocholm on the irrelevance of budgeting. In the same seminar, The BSC was also on the agenda. For the type of business, making budgets does not make sense. Hence, there was a need for a new steering and control mechanism'. In another large manufacturing company, the BSC was introduced as part of a total redefinition of the company control system, one integral part of that redefinition being total abandonment of traditional budgeting.