Box 16-1 Physiological Changes in Older Client That Increase Risk of Accidents
Musculoskeletal Changes
Strength and function of muscles decrease. Joints become less mobile and bones become brittle. Postural changes and limited range of motion occur.
Nervous System Changes
Voluntary and autonomic reflexes become slower. Decreased ability to respond to multiple stimuli occurs. Decreased sensitivity to touch occurs.
Sensory Changes
Vision and lens accommodation cataracts develop. Delayed transmission of hot and cord impulses occurs. Impaired hearing develops, with high-frequency tones less perceptible.
Genitourinary Changes
Increased nocturia and occurrences of incontinence may occur.