Microalgae is used for the removal of heavy metals from
a wastewater treatment plant discharge. Laboratory-scale experiments
are described that characterize the heavy metal uptake of copper and
zinc by three microalgae strains: Chlorella vulgaris, Spirulina maxima,
and a naturally growing algae sample found in the wastewater from a
wastewater treatment plant (containing Synechocystis sp. (dominant)
and Chlorella sp. (common) and a few cells of Scenedesmus sp.) Tests
were conducted using untreated and autoclaved secondary effluent as a
substrate. In the untreated secondary effluent trial, the microalgae
removed up to 81.7% of the copper, reaching a lowest final
concentration of 7.8 ppb after 10 days. Zinc was reduced by up to
94.1%, reaching 0.6 ppb after 10 days. The removal rates varied
significantly with the microalgae strain. Higher heavy metal removal
efficiencies were obtained in the autoclaved secondary effluent than the
untreated secondary effluent, suggesting microorganisms already present in secondary effluent contribute negatively and compete
with microalgae for nutrients, hindering microalgae growth and uptake of heavy metals. Inoculated samples showed decreased
heavy metal concentrations within 6 h of initial inoculation, suggesting microalgae do not require long periods of time to achieve
biosorption of heavy metals.
Microalgae is used for the removal of heavy metals from
a wastewater treatment plant discharge. Laboratory-scale experiments
are described that characterize the heavy metal uptake of copper and
zinc by three microalgae strains: Chlorella vulgaris, Spirulina maxima,
and a naturally growing algae sample found in the wastewater from a
wastewater treatment plant (containing Synechocystis sp. (dominant)
and Chlorella sp. (common) and a few cells of Scenedesmus sp.) Tests
were conducted using untreated and autoclaved secondary effluent as a
substrate. In the untreated secondary effluent trial, the microalgae
removed up to 81.7% of the copper, reaching a lowest final
concentration of 7.8 ppb after 10 days. Zinc was reduced by up to
94.1%, reaching 0.6 ppb after 10 days. The removal rates varied
significantly with the microalgae strain. Higher heavy metal removal
efficiencies were obtained in the autoclaved secondary effluent than the
untreated secondary effluent, suggesting microorganisms already present in secondary effluent contribute negatively and compete
with microalgae for nutrients, hindering microalgae growth and uptake of heavy metals. Inoculated samples showed decreased
heavy metal concentrations within 6 h of initial inoculation, suggesting microalgae do not require long periods of time to achieve
biosorption of heavy metals.
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