Latent variables can be ope-rationalized either by formative
or by reflective measurement. Conventional empirical
research uses the latter approach, which, according to classical
test theory, implies that the observed measures (i.e.,
indicators) are manifestations of the latent variable and
thus dependent on it. Consequently, any changes in the
latent variable are supposed to result in changes in all indicators
included in the scale as well (Diamantopoulos, 2008;