Carcinogenicity of metabolites CAA was reported to induce hepatocellular tumours in B6C3F1 mice when administered orally in drinking-water (Daniel et al., 1992). CEO caused local tumours after repeated subcutaneous injection and skin tumours in mice in classical initiation-promotion experiments (CEO used as an initiator and 12-O- n-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate as a promoter), whereas CAA did not under comparable conditions (Zajdela et al., 1980)