The results show that TTMW is likely to be effective in
reducing pain in patients with upper back pain associated
with MTrPs. This is consistent with the findings reported
elsewhere in the literature. For example, in a study investigating
the use of a Thera Cane in patients with TrPs6), it
was found that the application of ischemic pressure with the
device was able to reduce pain when continued for 5 days
Fig. 3. The meridian massage lines of TTM on the upper back9)
Table 1. Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics of
patients
Characteristics TTMW Control
Number of patients 30 30
Demographic data
Age (years), mean ± SD 42.8 ± 10.0 41.6 ± 11.7
Gender, number of females 18 22
Weight (kg), mean ± SD 59.7 ± 14.7 62.4 ± 11.3
Height (cm), mean ± SD 159.7 ± 7.9 159.3 ± 7.4
Occupation by work load
Heavy work 5 6
Lighter work 25 24
Onset of symptoms
Acute 1–3 days 2 4
Subacute < 3 months 3 2
Chronic > months 25 24followed by sustained stretching. In another study, use of
activator TrP therapeutic equipment was found to be able to
reduce pain in patients suffering from nonspecific neck pain
with upper trapezius TrPs when 10 thrusts were performed
at the rate of 1 thrust per second10). It should be point out,
however, that those studies did not apply TTM principles
and differed markedly from the present research in terms
of the types of patients, body parts treated, pressure, treatment
procedures, duration, and the equipment involved. A
comparison of TTMW and ibuprofen revealed a statistically
significant difference between the two types of treatment.
Specifically, although both treatments were generally effective
in treating patients with upper back pain associated with
MTrPs, the former was found to contribute to greater pain
reduction than the latter as shown in Table 3. The superior
effectiveness of TTMW may be explained by the gate control
theory, which postulates that the exertion of pressure
through the skin and muscle tissues will stimulate pressure
receptors, thereby blocking the gate transmitting pain nerve
impulses at the spinal cord level
The results show that TTMW is likely to be effective inreducing pain in patients with upper back pain associatedwith MTrPs. This is consistent with the findings reportedelsewhere in the literature. For example, in a study investigatingthe use of a Thera Cane in patients with TrPs6), itwas found that the application of ischemic pressure with thedevice was able to reduce pain when continued for 5 daysFig. 3. The meridian massage lines of TTM on the upper back9)Table 1. Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics ofpatientsCharacteristics TTMW ControlNumber of patients 30 30Demographic dataAge (years), mean ± SD 42.8 ± 10.0 41.6 ± 11.7Gender, number of females 18 22Weight (kg), mean ± SD 59.7 ± 14.7 62.4 ± 11.3Height (cm), mean ± SD 159.7 ± 7.9 159.3 ± 7.4Occupation by work loadHeavy work 5 6Lighter work 25 24Onset of symptomsAcute 1–3 days 2 4Subacute < 3 months 3 2Chronic > months 25 24followed by sustained stretching. In another study, use ofactivator TrP therapeutic equipment was found to be able toreduce pain in patients suffering from nonspecific neck painwith upper trapezius TrPs when 10 thrusts were performedat the rate of 1 thrust per second10). It should be point out,however, that those studies did not apply TTM principlesand differed markedly from the present research in termsof the types of patients, body parts treated, pressure, treatmentprocedures, duration, and the equipment involved. Acomparison of TTMW and ibuprofen revealed a statisticallysignificant difference between the two types of treatment.Specifically, although both treatments were generally effectivein treating patients with upper back pain associated withMTrPs, the former was found to contribute to greater painreduction than the latter as shown in Table 3. The superioreffectiveness of TTMW may be explained by the gate controltheory, which postulates that the exertion of pressurethrough the skin and muscle tissues will stimulate pressurereceptors, thereby blocking the gate transmitting pain nerveimpulses at the spinal cord level
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