3.1. Preliminary survey TCLP results
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Among all samples in the preliminary survey, barium was observed from 0.067 to 0.532 mg/L (data not shown). Chromium leached from below detection limits to 0.175 mg/L. Arsenic, cadmium, mercury, selenium, and silver were not detected. Identical products (e-cigarette B) leached 20.5, 1.10, and 7.34 mg lead/L. Replicates of e-cigarette D leached 0.22 and 0.97 mg lead/L as well as 4.99 and 5.20 mg nickel/L. Eleven of the 23 e-cigarettes leached undetectable amounts of lead. The pH of the extracts was mildly acidic (pH 5.00–5.65), similar to the initial pH of the TCLP solution (4.93 ± 0.05).