• Resettlement strategies and emergency preparedness plans should be developed by the involved the government
in order to easily evacuate citizens in the occurrence of flood disasters.
Reference [18] best summarized the need for emergency plans, stating as follows:
“Flood warnings and timely emergency action are complimentary to all forms of intervention. A combination
of clear and accurate warning messages with a high level of community awareness gives the best level of preparedness
for self-reliant action during floods. Public education programs are crucial to the success of warnings
intended to preclude a hazard from turning into a disaster. Evacuation is an essential constituent of emergency
planning and evacuation routes may be upward into a flood refuge at a higher elevation or outward, depending
upon the local circumstances. Outward evacuations are generally necessary where the depths of water are significant,
where flood velocities are high and where the buildings are vulnerable. Successful evacuations require
planning and awareness among the population of what to do in a flood emergency. Active community participation
in the planning stage and regular exercises help ensure that evacuations are effective. The provision of basic
amenities such as water supply, sanitation and security in areas where refugees gather is particularly important
in establishing a viable evacuation system.”