Review of Literature
There are multiple factors associated with LBP
among workers that can be divided into three main
groups: individual characteristics, psychological stress
and physical stress Individual characteristics such as
gender,age,education, and body mass index (BMI)
are variables associated with an increased risk of LBP.
Also, there are a number of psychological symptoms
associated with LBP, including stress, anxiety, and
depression.
However, the main factors associated
with LBP among Thai farmers are physical stresses
and lack of BME. These stresses include heavy
manual labor, whole body vibration, static working
posture and improper working posture, especially
bending forward lifting objects. Moreover, 50% of
Thai farmers lack knowledge of the proper posture for
work.Over 80% of farmers habitually bend forward
to lift the objects putting them at risk for ligament
damage, leading to back muscles’ strain and LBP.,