Effective managementcan minimize threats to coral reefs.
To conserve marine biodiver-sity and communities, an understanding of ecological functionsand community structures, including identification of the effectsof disturbance, is necessary.
However, understanding the limits tosustainability and managing human activities within reasonablelimits present challenges. An understanding of the total value ofthe goods and services of reefs must be achieved to be able tomake better management decisions.
Effective communication toimprove understanding of risks and to ensure sustained applica-tion of management measures is also a must