One way to obtain an estimate of the value of agroforestry trees to tropical rural communities is to consider the range of species that smallholders consider important for planting and the recorded uses of these species, as illustrated in Table 2 (based on our compilation of information from the World Agroforestry Centre’s Agroforestree Database, the AFTD [AFTD, 2013]). These data suggest that timber production is the most frequent function for smallholder priority tree species, and the commercial value of timber planting in smallholdings pan-tropically is confirmed by incomplete economic data for the sector (e.g., teak [Tectona grandis; Roshetko et al., 2013] and acacia [Acacia mangium and Acacia auriculiformis;
Fisher and Gordon, 2007] wood production by Indonesian and Vietnamese smallholders, respectively). After timber, our survey of the AFTD suggests medicine and then fuel are the next most important functions.