Results from Fig. 3 indicate that the antioxidant activities of four TK groups increased with fermentation time and 1:1 TK-L group (that is, fermented at a 1:1 ratio and with a starter) among four TK groups showed the highest antioxidant activities (in view of total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and NO scavenging activity) after 16 weeks.