The AIM Enduse model is a bottom-up optimisation model with detailed technology selection framework within a country’s energy–economy–environment system. The technologies in the AIM Enduse model are selected in a linear optimisation framework where system cost is minimised under several constraints such as satisfaction of service demand, availability of energy and material supplies and other system constraints. System costs include fixed costs, operating costs of technologies, energy costs and taxes and subsidies. The structure of the AIM/Enduse model is given
in Fig. 4.
‘Energy technology’ refers to a device that provides a useful ‘energy service’ by consuming energy. ‘Energy service’ refers to a measurable need within a sector that must be satisfied by supplying an output from a device. Energy service can be defined either in tangible or abstract terms [23]. Energy service demands used in this paper are determined based on scenarios or simulation results obtained from other models (as outlined in the previous section)