The devices exhibited a large photocurrent (JSC) enhancement
exceeding 17 mA cm−2, which was superior to the best
conventional solid-state DSSCs with organic light-harvesting
materials. The use of a solid-state HTM dramatically
improved the device’s stability compared to CH3NH3PbI3-
sensitized liquid junction cells, although this remains the
main issue in the development of perovskite solar cell (PSC)