Conclusions
The results of this study point out for the first time the feasibility of SSF of OP
waste for the production of yeast volatile esters with “fruity-like” character and of
high industrial importance. Compared to previous results obtained in SmF of orange
peel hydrolysate, the SSF proved to be very adaptable and did not need any treatment
besides sterilization. During SSF the yeast showed good growth performance and
increased ability to consume the available nutrients and remain alive over the whole
fermentation process. SSF also ensured high yields of volatile aroma esters (total
concentration of 250 mg/kg of fermented OP). Our findings seem encouraging toward
the direction of scale up in bioreactors that should be carried out together with
respective provision of process economics.