Table 1
Physical properties of brown rice at different stages of puffing.
Parameter Processing condition Jehlum SKAU-345 SKAU-382
L⁄ Raw 66.98aq ± 0.94 63.95abq ± 1.12 62.42bq ± 0.90
Parboiled 45.83ar ± 0.87 43.60ar ± 0.68 43.77ar ± 0.84
Expanded 74.93ap ± 0.89 71.33bp ± 0.71 71.03bp ± 0.94
a⁄ Raw 4.19aq ± 0.24 4.69aq ± 0.35 5.04aq ± 0.21
Parboiled 9.93ap ± 0.19 10.31ap ± 0.25 9.07bp ± 0.24
Expanded 2.78br ± 0.71 3.48ar ± 0.28 3.51ar ± 0.25
b⁄ Raw 23.42aq ± 0.53 23.59aq ± 0.56 22.28aq ± 0.61
Parboiled 27.48ap ± 0.48 25.57abp ± 0.50 23.52bp ± 0.67
Expanded 23.10aq ± 0.68 22.98aqr ± 1.71 22.72aq ± 0.73
Bulk density (kg/m3
) Raw 796.48ap ± 12.93 803.84ap ± 9.50 798.22ap ± 11.47
Parboiled 739.52aq ± 9.65 720.95aq ± 9.58 711.32aq ± 10.65
Expanded 168.09ar ± 13.30 141.70ar ± 12.03 160.24ar ± 12.86
Length/breadth ratio Raw 2.45ap ± 0.05 2.51ap ± 0.13 2.36ap ± 0.17
Parboiled 2.43abp ± 0.15 2.49ap ± 0.18 2.34bp ± 0.12
Expanded 1.95aq ± 0.28 2.16aq ± 0.35 1.98aq ± 0.41
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. a, b and c superscripts are significantly (P < 0.05) differ within a row and p, q and r superscripts are significantly (P < 0.05)
differ within the cultivar for each parameter.