Cognitive Interventions
Cognitive interventions typically involve teaching and training of cognitive skills, such as mnemonic strategies, and/or practice on cognitive tasks. Various computer games have also been increasingly used for training. Consistently with the findings from observational studies, meta-analyses of RCTs in healthy older adults have shown cognitive exercise interventions to have a beneficial effect on neuropsychological test performance.[19–21] However, the quality of the trials has been generally low. Moreover, although notable exceptions have been reported,[22] the evidence for transfer of effects to related but unpracticed tasks is weak.[23–25] There is some evidence for the beneficial effects of real-time strategy gaming and action video games on cognitive performance[26,27]. However, these effects tend to be reduced in old age.[22]