Sensory properties of different formulated gluten-free pastas
Fig. 2 represented the sensory properties (i.e. color, appearance,
aroma, taste, firmness, and overall acceptability) of gluten-free
pastas with different formulations. In general, the panellist
mostly preferred the gluten free pastas fortified with PF than DSF.
The addition of 25% PF to the formulation of gluten-free pasta led to
improve its overall quality. As reported by previous researchers
(Huang, Knight, & Goad, 2001), the addition of the high contents of
gums such as modified starch, xanthan gum and locust bean gum to
the gluten-free pasta improved its color, and overall quality. They
caused desirable characteristics in the gluten free pasta similar to
the pasta containing wheat flour and gluten. However, the addition
of higher content (50% or 27 g/100 g) of PF to the pasta formulation
had negative effects on the color, aroma, taste, firmness, and overall
acceptability as compared to the control. As shown in Fig. 2, the
addition of either low or high amounts (25% or 13.5 g/100 g and 50%
or 27 g/100 g) of DSF to the formulation did not improve sensory
attributes of the gluten free pasta as compared to the control. The
samples containing lower (25% or 13.5 g/100 g) DSF provided more
desirable sensory attributes than the sample containing higher
(50% or 27 g/100 g) DSG content. In fact, the reduction of sensory
scores was observed by increasing DSF proportion in the formulation
of gluten-free pasta.
As explained by panellists, the pasta containing DSF had darker
color and bitter taste than other pastas; while the pasta containing
low content of PF had much desirable color and taste than the
samples containing DSF. As mentioned earlier, the presence of DSF
in the pasta formulation led to significantly improve its texture
properties (such as hardness and adhesiveness). However, the
addition of DSF in the formulation induced the brownish color and
caused some bitterness, thus reducing the overall acceptability of
the final product. Surprisingly, the commercial gluten-free pasta
did not show much desirable sensory attributes as it was given
relatively low scores ( 0.5) difference among control, commercial pasta
and samples containing PF.