Checkpoint signalling pathways arrest the cell cycle when genomic integrity is threatened, preventing the transmission of genetic mutations into subsequent cell generations. The restriction point also regulates cell cycle progression based on environmental signals (growth factors, extracellular matrix attachment, cell–cell contacts, etc.). Because of these critical functions, mutations in key checkpoint genes contribute to a variety of human diseases. Notably, most malignant cancers possess mutations in one or more checkpoint genes and are genetically uns (Lengauer et al., 1998).
All life on earth must cope with constant exposure to DNA-damaging agents such as the Sun's radiation. Highly conserved DNA-repair and cell-cycle checkpoint pathways allow cells to deal with both endogenous and exogenous sources of DNA damage. How much an individual is exposed to these agents and how their cells respond to DNA damage are critical determinants of whether that individual will develop cancer. These cellular responses are also important for determining toxicities and responses to current cancer therapies, most of which target the DNA.
Checkpoint signalling pathways arrest the cell cycle when genomic integrity is threatened, preventing the transmission of genetic mutations into subsequent cell generations. The restriction point also regulates cell cycle progression based on environmental signals (growth factors, extracellular matrix attachment, cell–cell contacts, etc.). Because of these critical functions, mutations in key checkpoint genes contribute to a variety of human diseases. Notably, most malignant cancers possess mutations in one or more checkpoint genes and are genetically uns (Lengauer et al., 1998).
All life on earth must cope with constant exposure to DNA-damaging agents such as the Sun's radiation. Highly conserved DNA-repair and cell-cycle checkpoint pathways allow cells to deal with both endogenous and exogenous sources of DNA damage. How much an individual is exposed to these agents and how their cells respond to DNA damage are critical determinants of whether that individual will develop cancer. These cellular responses are also important for determining toxicities and responses to current cancer therapies, most of which target the DNA.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..