Due to the increase of biomass and feed supplied during
the biculture of AS, the concentrations of nitrogen
compounds in the water increased considerably. However,
when using water to irrigate AGF-1 and AGF-2, we
observed that with water retention times of less than three
minutes per irrigation, there were acceptable reductions in
ammonium concentrations (> 90%), nitrites (75 to 90%),
nitrates (54 to 95%) and phosphates (50 to 80%).This
could be related to the dense growth of roots, and to water
pH remaining near the neutral value, a situation that
promotes better absorption of nutrients (Rakocy et al.
2006), as is the case with nitrogen, which is better
assimilated by plants when present in the water in the form
of ammonium and N-nitrate (Endut et al.2010).
There have also been reports of reductions in the
concentration of N- nitrite, N-nitrate and phosphate during
the cultivation of green fodder of oats, wheat and barley
with aquaculture effluents (85-92% in N-nitrite, 62-79% in
N-nitrate and 74-93% in phosphates) (Snow et al.2008).
Moreover, even though we had acceptable values of
assimilation of nitrogen compounds, we observed
increases in the concentration of nitrites of 2 mg L-1, and
nitrates of 5 mg L-1 after irrigation of CGF-NN; this
increases are related with the leaching of semi-germinated
and ungerminated seeds, making it advisable to divert the run off after irrigation towards the sedimenter and not
towards the culture tanks. There are also reports of
increases in the concentration of N- nitrate in irrigation
water in the range of 7-10 mg L-1 due to the leaching of
oats, wheat and barley seeds during the production of
green fodder using aquaculture effluents (Ghaly, Farag &
Verma 2007; Snow et al.2008).
The analysis of the results allows us to affirm that the
use of an aquaponic system is suitable for the dual culture
of tilapia and crayfish, but only until the fish reach the subadult
stage (13 cm in standard length), so as not to affect
too much the survival rate of crayfish, which depends on
the size of the fish with which they cohabitate and on the
number and distribution of the shelters in the area of
culture. Moreover, the aquaponic production of green corn
fodder is comparable to hydroponic production, but the
environmental benefit is higher, as the plants take
advantage of the nutrients and significantly reduce the
concentration of nitrogen compounds and phosphates
present in the water used for the dual culture, prolonging
its use. Finally, the use of this integrated system made it
possible to obtain two products for direct human
consumption: tilapia and crayfish; and a third product for
animal consumption: green fodder, making aquaponics a
sustainable activity suitable for application in some region.
Due to the increase of biomass and feed supplied during
the biculture of AS, the concentrations of nitrogen
compounds in the water increased considerably. However,
when using water to irrigate AGF-1 and AGF-2, we
observed that with water retention times of less than three
minutes per irrigation, there were acceptable reductions in
ammonium concentrations (> 90%), nitrites (75 to 90%),
nitrates (54 to 95%) and phosphates (50 to 80%).This
could be related to the dense growth of roots, and to water
pH remaining near the neutral value, a situation that
promotes better absorption of nutrients (Rakocy et al.
2006), as is the case with nitrogen, which is better
assimilated by plants when present in the water in the form
of ammonium and N-nitrate (Endut et al.2010).
There have also been reports of reductions in the
concentration of N- nitrite, N-nitrate and phosphate during
the cultivation of green fodder of oats, wheat and barley
with aquaculture effluents (85-92% in N-nitrite, 62-79% in
N-nitrate and 74-93% in phosphates) (Snow et al.2008).
Moreover, even though we had acceptable values of
assimilation of nitrogen compounds, we observed
increases in the concentration of nitrites of 2 mg L-1, and
nitrates of 5 mg L-1 after irrigation of CGF-NN; this
increases are related with the leaching of semi-germinated
and ungerminated seeds, making it advisable to divert the run off after irrigation towards the sedimenter and not
towards the culture tanks. There are also reports of
increases in the concentration of N- nitrate in irrigation
water in the range of 7-10 mg L-1 due to the leaching of
oats, wheat and barley seeds during the production of
green fodder using aquaculture effluents (Ghaly, Farag &
Verma 2007; Snow et al.2008).
The analysis of the results allows us to affirm that the
use of an aquaponic system is suitable for the dual culture
of tilapia and crayfish, but only until the fish reach the subadult
stage (13 cm in standard length), so as not to affect
too much the survival rate of crayfish, which depends on
the size of the fish with which they cohabitate and on the
number and distribution of the shelters in the area of
culture. Moreover, the aquaponic production of green corn
fodder is comparable to hydroponic production, but the
environmental benefit is higher, as the plants take
advantage of the nutrients and significantly reduce the
concentration of nitrogen compounds and phosphates
present in the water used for the dual culture, prolonging
its use. Finally, the use of this integrated system made it
possible to obtain two products for direct human
consumption: tilapia and crayfish; and a third product for
animal consumption: green fodder, making aquaponics a
sustainable activity suitable for application in some region.
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