.We analyzed the data using the steps of grounded
theory research and constant comparative analysis
(Strauss & Corbin, 1998). We first read all transcripts
in their entirety without making any notes. At the next
step, we used the criteria set forth by Owen (1984) for
identifying qualitative themes in discourse to aid in
initial classification of how nurses communicate
professionalism in team interactions. Owen argued
that three criteria should be present: (1) recurrence–
two or more descriptions with the same thread of
meaning although different wording was used; (2)
repetition–explicit use of the same wording two or
more times; and (3) forcefulness–nonverbal behavior
such as pitch or volume stressing the importance.
Forcefulness was identified by using capital letters,
underlining, boldface font, or exclamation points. We
identified preliminary behaviors and constantly compared,
revised, and grouped these behaviors into
common skill sets as we examined new data, negotiated
our perceptions, and reviewed literature. Observations
and member checks also refined our analyses
(Lincoln & Guba, 1985).