JiTT questions require students to "do something" to get them prepared for the next class – read a textbook or article, complete a simulation or experiment, watch a video, etc. – and often involve problem-solving, critical thinking, and analytical reasoning skills that encourage higher-order thinking skills. The questions refer to material or concepts that have not yet been covered in the course, requiring students to process information or apply concepts in ways that cannot simply be looked up in a textbook.