Palm kernel oil extraction
As mentioned above, other parameters that could impact efficiency
of oil extraction include grain size, contact time and palm
kernel loading. However, since salinity did not exhibit a significant
difference there were three salinities selected for each surfactant
systems; 10, 12.5 and 20%; and 7.5, 10 and 20% NaCl (wt%) for SystemA
and System B, respectively. It should be noted here that high
salt was needed to reduce IFT of the microemulsion system and
hence to extract oil from seeds. However, most of the salt is dissolved
in aqueous solution and had little effect on extracted oil as
well as residual meal. Nonetheless, future systems can be designed
to lower the salt requirement as needed (Elliott et al., 2004).