Thalassemia is a genetic disorder that involves the decreased and defective production of hemoglobin, a molecule that's found inside all red blood cells and is necessary to transport oxygen throughout the body. There are two types of thalassemia: alpha-thalassemia and beta-thalassemia, .the Beta thalassemia is one of the commonest recessive genetic diseases that results in a severe anemia. Therefore, children with ß- thalassemia major need regular blood transfusions in order to live.