Unfortunately, in spite of a great deal of research on transfer (for a review of research on transfer, see Butterfield 8: Nelson, 1989), there is still a considerable level of vagueness regarding how to teach for transfer (Perkins Sr Salomon. 1986). According to Butterfield 1988), successful transfer requires the acquisition of directly relevant knowledge, inferential reasoning and the monitoring and regulation of problem solving, and metacognitive skill. In typical higher education classroom environments, the emphasis of instruction is on the transfer
of specific tasks. as opposed to providing instruction about skills leading to the ability to transfer (Winn 1993).